Health on the Restaurant Menu: Foodservice Trends in the U.S.

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  • Health on the Restaurant Menu: Foodservice Trends in the U.S.

    Packaged Facts
    12/1/2011
    122 Pages

    Abstract:
    Health on the Restaurant Menu: Foodservice Trends in the U.S. helps foodservice industry participants align their branding and menu development strategies with evolving consumer health perceptions and expectations; the quickly evolving health education landscape; and the effects of nationwide menu regulation.

    The report does the following:

    1. Identifies drivers and trends that have helped cause the industry to reflect on its role in addressing America’s health.

    • This helps participants better understand new menu regulations and menu item trends.

    2. Analyses health-related menu trends, including salt and added sugar reduction; healthy menu claim trend analysis; “mini” menu item trend analysis; fruit and vegetable menu trend analysis; and health & anti-health menu analysis of specific restaurants.

    • This helps participants stay on top of menu development.

    3. Draws from a variety of industry and academic research to help the restaurant industry gauge the effect and result of menu labeling legislation.

    • This helps participants frame the impact of menu regulation on industry segments, major chains, and independent restaurant operators.

    4. Analyses consumer attitudes toward diet food and health from the perspectives of their healthful propensities; not-so-healthful propensities; and knowledge, money & time.

    • This helps participants understand shifting consumer health & wellness propensities and respond accordingly.

    5. Creates and analyzes four consumer groups, each of which share common health-driven characteristics: Health First, Health Maintainers, Health Endorsers and Carefree Eaters. Each group isolates populations having distinct degrees of food health interest and distinct degrees of restaurant interaction. Data on restaurant frequency, brand usage, and presence of children are included.

    • This helps industry participants target groups according to their healthful propensities, as well as to their restaurant loyalty, the effect of their having children, and their brand usage.

    6. Studies the degree of importance restaurant goers ascribe to various food health attributes as applied to two distinct dining occasions: getting food for a “quick bite” and getting food for a “special occasion.”

    • This helps participants shape health-driven strategies around occasions for use.

    Coverage includes snack and beverage restaurant concepts, limited-service restaurants (QSR and fast casual), and full-service restaurants (family, casual and fine dining).


    Table of Contents:

    Chapter 1: Executive Summary
    Scope and Methodology
    Scope of coverage
    Methodology
    Consumer survey methodology
    Menu item analysis
    Other resources
    Restaurant categories
    Definitions
    Report synopsis
    Chapter 2: Foodservice Health Drivers & Macro-Trends
    Insight Capsule
    Fast Facts
    Chapter 3: Restaurant Cuisine and Menu Trends
    Insight Capsule
    Fast Facts
    Chapter 4: Menu Transparency and Regulation
    Insight Capsule
    Fast Facts
    Chapter 5: Consumer Attitudes Toward Diet, Health & Food
    Insight Capsule
    Chapter 6: Health-Driven Psychographic Analysis
    Insight Capsule
    Chapter 7: Food Healthfulness and Dining Occasion
    Insight Capsule
    Appendix: Obesity Trends: Demographic Analysis

    Chapter 2: Foodservice Health Drivers & MacroTrends
    Making health a priority
    The argument in dollars and cents: $150 billion a year
    Obesity rates trending higher
    Graph 2-1: Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity & Extreme Obesity
    Calories trending higher
    Long-term calories trend: negative; short-term trend: positive
    Graph 2-2: Caloric Intake by Food Group: Number of Calories, 1970-2009
    Flour and cereal products the calorie contribution leader
    Graph 2-3: Caloric Intake by Food Group: Percentage of Calories, 1970-2009
    Snacking trend brings calories with it
    A quarter of all calories
    More snacking, more calories
    No tie to better food choices
    Foods contributing the most snack calories
    Table 2-1: Contribution of Selected Foods and Beverages to Total Snack Calories
    Nutrient analysis reveals caloric skews to alcohol, sugar, and carbs
    Graph 2-4: Snacks’ Contributions to Adult Nutrient and Other Food Component Intake
    Gender analysis
    For men, snacks provide source of fruit
    Graph 2-5: Contributions by Snacks and Other Eating Occasions to Intakes of Calories and
    MyPyramid Food Groups/Components: Men
    For women, more fruit but more sugar
    Graph 2-6: Contributions by Snacks and Other Eating Occasions to Intakes of Calories and
    MyPyramid Food Groups/Components: Women
    Socioeconomic factors shaping obesity trend
    Lower incomes = higher obesity rates
    Hispanic culture and practices significantly influence obesity perceptions
    Burst and bust short-time financial cycle leads to food sharing
    In Hispanic communities, feeding children a symbol of nurturing and achievement
    Obesity not perceived as negative
    Selfperceptions
    of diet quality shift
    Diet self-perception does not match reality
    But change is in the wind
    Worsening diet or greater awareness?
    Awareness tied to HH income
    Restaurant industry growth and the obesity connection
    Frequency of restaurant use correlates with negative diet self-perception
    Fast food correlation even stronger
    Consumers do not associate calorie cost with diet healthfulness
    Eating out and calories: 1 meal out a week = 2 extra pounds a year
    Impact weighted toward specific food groups
    Daypart dependent
    Fat, sugar and obesity
    Diet and health tied to type of restaurant frequented
    Burgers and fries
    Sandwich/sub
    Full-service
    Government and industry initiatives quickly gathering steam
    Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010
    Health professionals’ hopes
    MyPlate
    HealthierUS School Challenge
    Kids LiveWell
    Menu item guidelines
    Guidelines to join the program
    Charging the obese more for healthcare
    Penalties to become the new norm?

    Chapter 3: Restaurant Cuisine and Menu Trends
    Introduction
    How to promote health on the menu
    Table 3-1: Successful Health and Nutrition Promotion Strategies, 2011
    Ditch the added sugar
    How much is too much?
    Come out, come out, wherever you are!
    Hold the salt
    Strategy
    The cost savings: $32.1 billion?
    Restaurants on the hook?
    FDA regulation on the horizon?
    On the menu: healthy menu claim analysis
    Healthy menu items forecast to grow
    Menu claims can shape how consumers respond to health
    Studies reinforces power of menu placement
    Healthy menu item placement: an experiment
    Prominence of lower-calorie information and placement next to other choices matters
    Make “light” the new norm?
    And dump the negative labels!
    Healthy claims: inherent health leads the pack
    Table 3-2: Top Healthy Claims: Restaurant Penetration by Segment, 2011
    Healthy claims: trend leaders
    Table 3-3: Top Healthy Claims: Restaurant Penetration, 2007-11
    Mini trend tapers
    Next step: portion control without labels
    A casual phenomenon
    Table 3-4: Top “Mini” Appetizers & Entrees: Restaurant Penetration by Segment, 2011
    From mini-quiches to mini-crab cakes
    Table 3-5: Top “Mini” Appetizers & Entrees: Restaurant Penetration, 2007-11
    Mini-desserts: incenting use while limiting food content
    A trend with legs
    Table 3-6: Top “Mini” Desserts: Restaurant Penetration by Segment, 2011
    Infuse the menu with fruit
    Why? Health benefits
    Why? Consumer interest
    Why? Underuse at restaurants
    Why? The USDA says so
    Why? It’s a trend in motion
    Top produce trends
    Table 3-7: Top Produce Menu Trends, 2011
    Top fruits on the menu
    Table 3-8: Top 10 Sides: Restaurant Penetration by Segment, 2011
    Top vegetables on the menu
    Table 3-9: Top 10 Proteins: Restaurant Penetration by Segment, 2011
    What price for health?
    Don’t charge me for it
    Table 3-10: Paying for Healthy Items
    Full-service versus limited-service distinction
    Desire for more healthy options
    Recession and food choice
    Result: strong migration to money-saving strategies
    Result: change in restaurant behavior
    But is “healthy” really more expensive?
    Table 3-11: Natural, Free Range & “Any” Entrée Pricing by Menu Item Type, 2011
    Restaurant segment analysis reveals significant price differences
    Table 3-12: Natural, Free Range & “Any” Entrée Pricing by Restaurant Segment, 2011
    “Natural” QSR menu items do exist; but does natural mean “healthy”?
    Table 3-13: “Natural” Menu Items: Quick-Service Restaurants, 2011
    Family restaurants follow similar suit
    Table 3-14: “Natural” Menu Items: Family Restaurants, 2011
    Restaurants hitting health themes
    Au Bon Pain gives gluten free face time
    Table 3-15: Au Bon Pain Gluten-Free Menu Items, 2011
    Fat free, from fast casual to . . . ice cream
    Table 3-16: Fat Free Menu Items: Selected Examples, 2011
    Sugar free still trying to save desserts
    Table 3-17: Golden Corral Sugar-Free Menu Items, 2011
    Whole grain, meet pizza and more
    Table 3-18: California Pizza Kitchen Whole Grain Menu Items, 2011
    Free range: poultry’s domain
    Table 3-19: Heartland Café Free Range Menu Items, 2011
    Bar fare and upscale dining
    Table 3-20: Free Range Menu Items: Selected Examples, 2011
    Other menu strategies and introductions
    Quick-service restaurants
    Popeye’s Louisiana Kitchen launches Louisiana Leaux
    Boston Market
    Family restaurants
    Denny's Fit Fare update
    Casual restaurants
    Applebee’s beefs up Weight Watchers and “Under 500” menu
    Other activity
    Antihealth
    trends still alive and well
    High-fat, high calorie, high sodium dining alive and well across restaurant segments
    Kids’ meals on the health watch
    McDonald’s, Burger King, Wendy’s, KFC and A&W make the list
    Table 3-21: Five Most Unhealthful Fast-Food Kids Meals, 2010

    Chapter 4: Menu Transparency and Regulation
    Introduction
    Menu labeling is upon us
    Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010
    Health professionals’ hopes
    Rationales for change
    More eating out means lower diet quality
    And increases weight
    Consumers underestimate restaurant meal calories
    Kids affected
    Eating out frequently lowers diet quality
    Larger portions = eating more
    Consumers’ healthful menu expectations rising?
    Majority of consumers on board with portion size and nutrition labeling
    Not effective: why?
    King County lessons and learnings
    No change in transaction volume or calories per transaction
    Increased consumer awareness
    Consumer confusion
    Health apathy at POS
    Website as knowledge supplement
    Just not paying attention
    A lesson taken from the grocery aisle
    So who will use the labels?
    Education, education, education
    But expect some behavioral change
    1 in 6 diners alter eating habits because of calorie information
    NPD says calorie information will have little effect on consumer ordering: we disagree
    Changes in food choices and spend
    Table 4-1: Menu Ordering Behavior, Pre- and Post- Menu Regulation
    Fewer calories at Starbucks
    Lack of transparency will get restaurants nowhere
    Calorie underreporting raises concerns
    Restaurants are starting with an “A”
    Lack of portion uniformity a culprit?
    Menu reformulations: restaurants may follow in food retail’s footsteps
    It’s been done already: trans fat
    Industry migration to healthier food products
    Restaurants ahead of the curve
    Subway
    Saladworks
    Energy Kitchen

    Chapter 5: Consumer Attitudes Toward Diet, Health & Food
    Introduction
    Recession be damned: propensity to health and nutrition is on the upswing
    Few have been ordering healthy items
    But interest in food health is there
    And it’s on the upswing
    The upside
    The downside
    Graph 5-1: Food & Diet Propensities: Healthful Propensities, 2007-11
    Thinking more about food content—and acting on it?
    Graph 5-2: Food & Diet Propensities: Indulgence & Dieting, 2007-11
    The context
    Self-care on the upswing
    Graph 5-3: Food & Diet Propensities: Knowledge, Money & Time, 2007-11

    Chapter 6: HealthDriven
    Psychographic Analysis
    Meet the psychographic groups
    Health First
    Table 6-1: Health First Psychographic Group: Key Attitudes & Behaviors
    Health Maintainers
    Table 6-2: Health Maintainer Psychographic Group: Key Attitudes & Behaviors
    Health Endorsers
    Table 6-3: Health Endorsers Psychographic Group: Key Attitudes & Behaviors
    Carefree Eaters
    Table 6-4: Carefree Eater Psychographic Group: Key Attitudes & Behaviors
    Laying out the demographics
    Table 6-5: Demographic Analysis: Health-Driven Psychographic Groups
    Restaurant usage and usage frequency
    Table 6-6: Health-Driven Psychographic Groups: Restaurant Usage by Segment Usage
    Frequency
    Restaurant sub-segment by primary cuisine
    Full-service
    Table 6-7: Health-Driven Psychographic Groups: Restaurant Usage by Full-Service Restaurant
    Segment & Sub-Segment
    Limited service
    Table 6-8: Health-Driven Psychographic Groups: Restaurant Usage by Limited-Service
    Restaurant Segment & Sub-Segment and by Snack and Beverage Restaurant
    The Kid Factor
    Presence of children
    Table 6-9: Health-Driven Psychographic Groups: Segment Restaurant Usage Frequency by Presence and Number of Children
    Psychographic groups: Restaurant usage frequency analysis
    Among Health First members, kids make a difference
    Table 6-10: Health First: Segment Restaurant Usage Frequency by Number of Children
    Among Health Maintainers, large households tip the scales
    Table 6-11: Health Maintainers: Segment Restaurant Usage Frequency by Number of Children
    Fast food health endorsement tied to usage frequency
    Table 6-12: Health Endorsers: Segment Restaurant Usage Frequency by Number of Children
    Carefree Eating does not translate to increased visits
    Table 6-13: Carefree Eaters: Segment Restaurant Usage Frequency by Number of Children
    Restaurant brand preferences
    Health First: limited-service restaurant preferences
    Table 6-14: Health First Psychographic Group: Restaurant Preference by Fast Food Brand
    Health First: full-service restaurant preferences
    Table 6-15: Health First Psychographic Group: Restaurant Preference by Full-Service >Restaurant Brand
    Health Maintainers: limited-service restaurant preferences
    Table 6-16: Health Maintainers Psychographic Group: Restaurant Preference by Fast Food Brand
    Health Maintainers: full-service restaurant preferences
    Table 6-17: Health Maintainers Psychographic Group: Restaurant Preference by Full-Service Restaurant Brand
    Health Endorsers: limited-service restaurant preferences
    Table 6-18: Health Endorsers Psychographic Group: Restaurant Preference by Fast Food Brand
    Health Endorsers: full-service restaurant preferences
    Table 6-19: Health Endorsers Psychographic Group: Restaurant Preference by Full-Service Restaurant Brand
    Carefree Eaters: limited-service restaurant preferences
    Table 6-20: Carefree Eaters Psychographic Group: Restaurant Preference by Fast Food Brand
    Carefree Eaters: full-service restaurant preferences
    Table 6-21: Carefree Eaters Psychographic Group: Restaurant Preference by Full-Service Restaurant Brand

    Chapter 7: Food Healthfulness and Dining Occasion
    Overview
    Food health attribute analysis: getting a quick bite vs. special occasion dining
    Fruits and vegetables and health of highest importance
    But a variety of food health attributes distinguished by eating occasion
    Graph 7-1: Health Attribute Ratings: Quick Bite versus Special Occasion
    Naturally, women ascribe restaurant food attributes with greater importance
    But not across the board
    Women to drive restaurant nutrition change?
    Table 7-1: Health Attribute Ratings by Gender: Quick Bite versus Special Occasion
    Age analysis
    Table 7-2: Health Attribute Ratings by Age Bracket: Special Occasion
    Table 7-3: Health Attribute Ratings by Age Bracket: Quick Bite
    HH income analysis
    Table 7-4: Health Attribute Ratings by HH Income: Special Occasion
    Table 7-5: Health Attribute Ratings by HH Income: Quick Bite
    Race/ethnicity analysis
    Table 7-6: Health Attribute Ratings by Race/Ethnicity: Special Occasion
    Table 7-7: Health Attribute Ratings by Race/Ethnicity: Quick Bite

    Appendix: Obesity Trends: Demographic Analysis
    Introduction
    Obesity and overweight rates for men and women
    Graph 8-1: Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among U.S. Adults
    Age 20-74 Years: By Gender
    Racial/ethnic differences
    Graph 8-2: Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among U.S. Adults
    Age 20-74: By Race/Ethnicity
    Children
    Graph 8-3: Obesity among U.S. Children: By Age Group
    Significant regional disparities
    Graph 8-4: Percentage of Obese Adults: By U.S. State, 2010
    A more granular regional perspective
    Graph 8-5: Percentage of Obese Adults: By U.S. County, 2007-08

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